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      <p begin="00:00:59.490" end="00:01:04.820"><![CDATA[In this programme of reversals, nothing is actually forbidden!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:01:04.840" end="00:01:12.960"><![CDATA[Like being plugged in, for example, without using conventional energy sources]]></p>
      <p begin="00:01:12.980" end="00:01:14.780"><![CDATA[From Studio 3 of the CyprusBroadcastingCorporation, your most beloved presenter, Stelios Matsentides!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:01:14.800" end="00:01:17.700"><![CDATA[Students: applause-cheering]]></p>
      <p begin="00:01:17.720" end="00:01:20.010"><![CDATA[With me, from the Linopetra High School, I have…]]></p>
      <p begin="00:01:20.030" end="00:01:21.190"><![CDATA[Nicholas. Heleni. Chrysanthos.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:01:21.210" end="00:01:23.450"><![CDATA[And on this side…]]></p>
      <p begin="00:01:23.470" end="00:01:28.450"><![CDATA[Danos. Mariza. Andreas.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:01:28.470" end="00:01:30.430"><![CDATA[Today’s experiment deals with the fixed central point of our solar system…]]></p>
      <p begin="00:01:30.450" end="00:01:32.960"><![CDATA[The sun and its great power!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:01:32.980" end="00:01:36.350"><![CDATA[The exact reason why we revolve around it!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:01:36.370" end="00:01:46.210"><![CDATA[It’s about time we get the sun to do some work for us too!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:01:46.230" end="00:01:52.950"><![CDATA[Energy makes people worry only when it starts to become a rare thing. Without energy, no factory]]></p>
      <p begin="00:01:52.970" end="00:01:59.640"><![CDATA[would be able to work, no aeroplanes would be able to fly and cars wouldn’t move.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:01:59.660" end="00:02:07.600"><![CDATA[We would have no hot water, no heating, no electricity and no computers!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:02:07.620" end="00:02:14.050"><![CDATA[When we enter a dark room and switch on the light, or when it gets cold in the house and we turn the heating on]]></p>
      <p begin="00:02:14.070" end="00:02:25.040"><![CDATA[the first thing that comes to mind is neither the power plant nor the gas and petrol pipes!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:02:25.060" end="00:02:32.050"><![CDATA[Could there be any way to escape and free ourselves from the dependence on fossil fuels? -Let’s see what we’ll be watching!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:02:32.070" end="00:02:39.630"><![CDATA[The sun, its power and how to make a slave out of it! Without the need for a driver’s license]]></p>
      <p begin="00:02:39.650" end="00:02:45.510"><![CDATA[, harness the sun to your 4 wheels.Throw away, nothing! Maybe you too can bribe your car to move!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:02:45.530" end="00:02:47.380"><![CDATA[What about us? What are we going to see?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:02:47.400" end="00:02:50.860"><![CDATA[We will be rolling on 4 wheels!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:02:50.880" end="00:02:53.860"><![CDATA[I thought you said we would make a slave out of the sun…]]></p>
      <p begin="00:02:53.880" end="00:02:56.800"><![CDATA[We will make our own solar cars!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:02:56.820" end="00:02:59.850"><![CDATA[Really? Cars which can travel to the sun?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:02:59.870" end="00:03:01.570"><![CDATA[Are you sure you study Physics?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:03:01.590" end="00:03:05.630"><![CDATA[Did I say something wrong?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:03:05.650" end="00:03:13.370"><![CDATA[We are talking about small electric cars, powered by the sun.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:03:13.390" end="00:03:17.690"><![CDATA[We use photovoltaic cells which convert solar energy to electricity and that’s how our cars move.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:03:17.710" end="00:03:24.750"><![CDATA[Far out!! Will you take me for a ride at the end of the programme?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:03:24.770" end="00:03:29.980"><![CDATA[If the lights in the studio are not strong enough to give us the same energy as the sun, it will be you]]></p>
      <p begin="00:03:30.000" end="00:03:36.640"><![CDATA[who’s going to take us for a ride, so we may have our race with our solar cars.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:03:36.660" end="00:03:43.380"><![CDATA[Shall we get moving because I’m really anxious here? I am still a child myself! I want to learn how to make model cars too!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:03:43.400" end="00:03:46.130"><![CDATA[All the materials needed, can be bought at model design centres…]]></p>
      <p begin="00:03:46.150" end="00:03:47.800"><![CDATA[Or from Do-It-Yourself shops!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:03:47.820" end="00:03:50.580"><![CDATA[DIY!!!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:03:50.600" end="00:03:53.620"><![CDATA[Well done, Stelios! You know 3 letters of the English alphabet too!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:03:53.640" end="00:04:01.200"><![CDATA[Let’s move on to the necessary materials.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:04:01.220" end="00:04:06.900"><![CDATA[3 pieces of plywood, 3 to 4 millimetres thick, 1metre long and 9 to 10 centimetres wide.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:04:06.920" end="00:04:10.440"><![CDATA[2 small pieces of plywood 10Χ10 centimetres and 5 millimetres thick.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:04:10.460" end="00:04:13.470"><![CDATA[How about my friends on this side?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:04:13.490" end="00:04:14.930"><![CDATA[1 electric motor equipped with a gear system.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:04:14.950" end="00:04:19.330"><![CDATA[Some super-glue]]></p>
      <p begin="00:04:19.350" end="00:04:23.240"><![CDATA[Wheels from used model cars or new ones and some photovoltaic cells.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:04:23.260" end="00:04:29.470"><![CDATA[These come in two kinds: Crystal ones which are more efficient but fragile...]]></p>
      <p begin="00:04:29.490" end="00:04:35.430"><![CDATA[And the amorphous ones, as they are known, which are more durable but less efficient.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:04:35.450" end="00:04:41.730"><![CDATA[We will use between 5 and 20 cells, depending on the size of the car and the type of thephotovoltaic cells.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:04:41.750" end="00:04:45.690"><![CDATA[-Am I right to assume that the number of cells we will need depends on their efficiency rate?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:04:45.710" end="00:04:46.600"><![CDATA[The rate at which they convert solar into electric energy, that is…]]></p>
      <p begin="00:04:46.620" end="00:04:47.810"><![CDATA[Exactly!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:04:47.830" end="00:04:51.090"><![CDATA[Is that all then?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:04:51.110" end="00:04:55.390"><![CDATA[Some acrylic colours too, to paint the car to our liking.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:04:55.410" end="00:05:03.850"><![CDATA[I want mine purple with silver spots…]]></p>
      <p begin="00:05:03.870" end="00:05:05.990"><![CDATA[To give it as a present to our beloved Stalo, who -unfortunately- couldn’t make it to the studiotoday!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:05:06.010" end="00:05:11.430"><![CDATA[Wait… There’s more!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:05:11.450" end="00:05:16.110"><![CDATA[When you set out on your journey to Ithaca, pray that the road is long… Ok… How long! Enough is enough!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:05:16.130" end="00:05:22.790"><![CDATA[We reached Limassol on foot! Are you sure this experiment is not extremely difficult?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:05:22.810" end="00:05:24.710"><![CDATA[Not at all! As long as you take good care to have an uncle, parent, grand-father or teacher by your side…]]></p>
      <p begin="00:05:24.730" end="00:05:29.110"><![CDATA[Or your most beloved broadcaster!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:05:29.130" end="00:05:35.190"><![CDATA[(slogan + applause)Stelios Matsentides, the great-one! Stelios Matsentides, the great-one!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:05:35.210" end="00:05:37.310"><![CDATA[Ok… ok, that’s enough! I don’t want Stalo to think that I am getting full of myself!!Is there more?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:05:37.330" end="00:05:43.680"><![CDATA[We will need some tools too…]]></p>
      <p begin="00:05:43.700" end="00:05:49.140"><![CDATA[A knife, brushes, a small screwdriver and a ruler…]]></p>
      <p begin="00:05:49.160" end="00:05:55.600"><![CDATA[Preferably a metallic one which we can use as a scantle when cutting the plywood.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:05:55.620" end="00:05:57.560"><![CDATA[A small saw, a pencil and double-faced sticking tape.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:05:57.580" end="00:06:03.890"><![CDATA[Is it time to set off?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:06:03.910" end="00:06:08.970"><![CDATA[At first we draw our dream car, letting our imagination take over!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:06:08.990" end="00:06:48.070"><![CDATA[So let this imagination thing take over and then we can blame it for everything!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:06:48.090" end="00:06:54.630"><![CDATA[While we become imaginative here, a star-gazing colleague of mine will have the honour to present]]></p>
      <p begin="00:06:54.650" end="00:07:15.120"><![CDATA[to us Konstantinos Christofides, Vice Rector ofthe University of Cyprus and our Physics professor.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:07:15.140" end="00:07:18.000"><![CDATA[The main area of my research deals with the development of new materials: new photovoltaic structures.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:07:18.020" end="00:07:26.400"><![CDATA[You are directly linked with renewable sources of energy, then…]]></p>
      <p begin="00:07:26.420" end="00:07:40.670"><![CDATA[It’s been like a love affair for me. My link to this, dates back to the beginning of my studies.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:07:40.690" end="00:07:50.400"><![CDATA[I dealt a lot with solar energy issues both during my PhD as well as after. I worked on the]]></p>
      <p begin="00:07:50.420" end="00:08:02.980"><![CDATA[development of new materials which when used in the photovoltaic cells of the future could solve the energy problem.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:08:03.000" end="00:08:12.530"><![CDATA[This field was particularly developed around 1981 because of the oil crisis then. It was left aside in]]></p>
      <p begin="00:08:12.550" end="00:08:21.190"><![CDATA[the years that followed, making us lonely riders as we kept on researching even then. Nowadays,]]></p>
      <p begin="00:08:21.210" end="00:08:28.160"><![CDATA[however, more than ever, this field became popular again. What does a photovoltaic do]]></p>
      <p begin="00:08:28.180" end="00:08:36.160"><![CDATA[ A photovoltaic cell concentrates the sun’s radiation and converts it to electric energy.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:08:36.180" end="00:08:43.960"><![CDATA[Up until today, the yield of these cells was very low – as low as 5, 10, 15%. This means that only]]></p>
      <p begin="00:08:43.980" end="00:08:54.280"><![CDATA[15% of the sun’s radiation is actually converted to electricity. Therefore, we aim to]]></p>
      <p begin="00:08:54.300" end="00:09:03.570"><![CDATA[develop systems either with greater efficiency or with the same efficiency but cheaper. In the lab, not only are we]]></p>
      <p begin="00:09:03.590" end="00:09:13.480"><![CDATA[developing such systems but we also try to find ways to make the manufacture of such systems cheaper.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:09:13.500" end="00:09:36.980"><![CDATA[In the framework of this research we, recently, have developed a device called micro-PNPR]]></p>
      <p begin="00:09:37.000" end="00:09:45.540"><![CDATA[which uses a laser beam that is passed through a large microscope. In order to be able to do this]]></p>
      <p begin="00:09:45.560" end="00:09:57.190"><![CDATA[ we had to make modifications to the microscope’s internal structures in order to be able to pass]]></p>
      <p begin="00:09:57.210" end="00:10:07.300"><![CDATA[the two separate laser beams through the microscope. We place the photovoltaic material]]></p>
      <p begin="00:10:07.320" end="00:10:25.930"><![CDATA[under the microscope and shine two laser beams on it, one red and one green. The green laser]]></p>
      <p begin="00:10:25.950" end="00:10:40.680"><![CDATA[beam excites the cell while the red beam “reads” this excitement. Through the mathematical analysis that]]></p>
      <p begin="00:10:40.700" end="00:10:47.890"><![CDATA[follows we are able to analyse all physical, chemical, optical and thermal properties of the material under study.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:10:47.910" end="00:10:59.410"><![CDATA[One might wonder what the advantage of being able to study in micro scale these properties]]></p>
      <p begin="00:10:59.430" end="00:11:07.830"><![CDATA[using light instead of using electric currents is. When using electric currents, the researcher]]></p>
      <p begin="00:11:07.850" end="00:11:13.680"><![CDATA[must insert contacts for electricity to flow and this takes time to do and also might destruct]]></p>
      <p begin="00:11:13.700" end="00:11:19.600"><![CDATA[the material under study. An industrial unit producing millions of these cells need]]></p>
      <p begin="00:11:19.620" end="00:11:25.260"><![CDATA[to apply this procedure in a fragment of a second. Using light, therefore, makes it quicker to qualify]]></p>
      <p begin="00:11:25.280" end="00:11:38.840"><![CDATA[large numbers of products, which hopefully will be marketed in a few months time.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:11:38.860" end="00:11:45.980"><![CDATA[I believe that this is the first time two very well known phenomena are combined and used in one material.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:11:46.000" end="00:11:58.590"><![CDATA[The novelty being that no one has thought of combining these two together before. In our labs]]></p>
      <p begin="00:11:58.610" end="00:12:05.000"><![CDATA[we try to develop a new kind of photovoltaic cell. One phenomenon is the photovoltaic, a]]></p>
      <p begin="00:12:05.020" end="00:12:20.310"><![CDATA[widely known phenomenon in the form we know it today. It was discovered by Einstein who]]></p>
      <p begin="00:12:20.330" end="00:12:28.880"><![CDATA[received the Nobel Prize for it. The other has to do with pyro-electricity. Our idea was to combine]]></p>
      <p begin="00:12:28.900" end="00:12:37.600"><![CDATA[photovoltaic material with a pyro-electric one. What is the logic behind this, you wonder. It is]]></p>
      <p begin="00:12:37.620" end="00:12:46.560"><![CDATA[common knowledge that in the summer, when the temperature is high, the efficiency of the]]></p>
      <p begin="00:12:46.580" end="00:12:58.730"><![CDATA[photovoltaic array falls. Could there be a way to make high temperatures an ally of the photovoltaic phenomenon?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:12:58.750" end="00:13:11.960"><![CDATA[We believe that indeed we can and this is by using a pyro-electric cell in combination with]]></p>
      <p begin="00:13:11.980" end="00:13:16.670"><![CDATA[the photovoltaic cell, which would amplify the phenomenon at high temperatures. Preliminary]]></p>
      <p begin="00:13:16.690" end="00:13:22.220"><![CDATA[studies and experiments on the material currently under study are very encouraging and I]]></p>
      <p begin="00:13:22.240" end="00:13:35.240"><![CDATA[believe that in a couple of years we will be able to create a new generation of photovoltaic]]></p>
      <p begin="00:13:35.260" end="00:13:44.790"><![CDATA[cells on a totally new basis.In my spare time I get to do lots of things]]></p>
      <p begin="00:13:44.810" end="00:13:53.810"><![CDATA[I enjoy the highlands very much. Not long ago, wanting to intensify my bonds with nature]]></p>
      <p begin="00:13:53.830" end="00:14:04.780"><![CDATA[and because my home village is still under occupation, I bought an orchard on the]]></p>
      <p begin="00:14:04.800" end="00:14:18.240"><![CDATA[mountains. On top of the existing trees I planted another 120 and I visit it very often to water and]]></p>
      <p begin="00:14:18.260" end="00:14:28.360"><![CDATA[attend to it. This is something very uplifting for me…because, I believe that nothing]]></p>
      <p begin="00:14:28.380" end="00:14:41.340"><![CDATA[beats the smell you get in the mountains… My son plays football in the club of our home]]></p>
      <p begin="00:14:41.360" end="00:14:49.790"><![CDATA[village and I like to go and watch him as often as I can.I also like writing and I am currently]]></p>
      <p begin="00:14:49.810" end="00:14:56.420"><![CDATA[writing a novel about Lapithos, my home village and life there as it used to be, hoping to]]></p>
      <p begin="00:14:56.440" end="00:15:04.730"><![CDATA[be able to publish it after the end of my term as the University’s Vice Rector.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:15:04.750" end="00:15:09.930"><![CDATA[How about giving me some good marks, dear professor?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:15:09.950" end="00:15:11.520"><![CDATA[So, let’s see how these cars you are going to make look like… mmm…the final design…]]></p>
      <p begin="00:15:11.540" end="00:15:17.040"><![CDATA[How about this team?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:15:17.060" end="00:15:22.340"><![CDATA[-Good… What’s our next move after drawing?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:15:22.360" end="00:15:24.700"><![CDATA[We cut the plywood pieces and glue them together to create the upper part of our car.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:15:24.720" end="00:15:37.740"><![CDATA[(sound of wood being sawed)]]></p>
      <p begin="00:15:37.760" end="00:15:40.760"><![CDATA[We cut the vertical pieces which will shape our model and make it more solid.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:15:40.780" end="00:15:46.490"><![CDATA[We stick these together too once the first pieces have dried.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:15:46.510" end="00:15:47.860"><![CDATA[The whole history of Cyprus revolves around constant renewal and reuse of its natural resources.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:15:47.880" end="00:15:50.900"><![CDATA[What’s that supposed to mean?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:15:50.920" end="00:15:55.290"><![CDATA[-Let’s take the goddess Aphrodite as an example…]]></p>
      <p begin="00:15:55.310" end="00:16:01.010"><![CDATA[-Both a goddess and beautiful at the same time! That’s a good example!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:16:01.030" end="00:16:05.070"><![CDATA[The Troodos range of mountains rising through the sea is what Aphrodite symbolizes!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:16:05.090" end="00:16:11.160"><![CDATA[The soil on Troodos Mountains is very rich and breathes life into our island.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:16:11.180" end="00:16:12.190"><![CDATA[In the same way, Aphrodite, goddess of fertility and beauty symbolizes Cyprus.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:16:12.210" end="00:16:13.490"><![CDATA[Who did Aphrodite get married to?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:16:13.510" end="00:16:17.040"><![CDATA[Hephaestus – Vulcan. What do I win?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:16:17.060" end="00:16:18.820"><![CDATA[-You win the knowledge of the mythological symbolism of the geology of our island!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:16:18.840" end="00:16:22.670"><![CDATA[Do I…?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:16:22.690" end="00:16:25.210"><![CDATA[What was Hephaestus’s job? He used minerals from within the bowels of the earth!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:16:25.230" end="00:16:31.520"><![CDATA[That’s the marriage of Aphrodite with Hephaestus for you!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:16:31.540" end="00:16:34.230"><![CDATA[Since the Cypriots discovered the mineral riches of Troodos, it is said that the island was deforested 20 times!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:16:34.250" end="00:16:39.410"><![CDATA[You can imagine how the island looked back then!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:16:39.430" end="00:16:43.050"><![CDATA[-Smoke and fire everywhere from the forest wood that was burned and from the ores which were excavated.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:16:43.070" end="00:16:47.970"><![CDATA[Imagine all the beauty everywhere due to the sprouting forests…]]></p>
      <p begin="00:16:47.990" end="00:16:53.400"><![CDATA[-I am speechless! Renewable sources of energy forever!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:16:53.420" end="00:17:01.400"><![CDATA[While waiting for the glue to dry out on the skeleton of your models, shall we wheel down to England?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:17:01.420" end="00:17:07.910"><![CDATA[I am already here, Stelios, dear! Bear in mind that oil and the truth always come to the top!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:17:07.930" end="00:17:12.150"><![CDATA[You might be wondering why I’m standing outside this well-known house in Notting Hill from the]]></p>
      <p begin="00:17:12.170" end="00:17:13.910"><![CDATA[movie with Hugh Grant and Julia Roberts, since our aim was to run around in a solar car…]]></p>
      <p begin="00:17:13.930" end="00:17:29.980"><![CDATA[… Do you see any sunshine around?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:17:30.000" end="00:17:36.200"><![CDATA[From the Portobello Road market and the feeling of London’s cold weather in our bones, to the]]></p>
      <p begin="00:17:36.220" end="00:17:42.520"><![CDATA[the warmth of a private English school in Cyprus. I am in the laboratories of the school]]></p>
      <p begin="00:17:42.540" end="00:17:47.130"><![CDATA[where the language used by the students is English. Let’s see what they have to tell us…]]></p>
      <p begin="00:17:47.150" end="00:17:55.550"><![CDATA[What made you decide to create a solar car?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:17:55.570" end="00:18:03.910"><![CDATA[We are in our final year and as physics students we wanted to leave something behind]]></p>
      <p begin="00:18:03.930" end="00:18:06.160"><![CDATA[We also wanted to make something that was good for the environment.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:18:06.180" end="00:18:09.110"><![CDATA[The environment.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:18:09.130" end="00:18:10.430"><![CDATA[The environment. So we decided to go solar.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:18:10.450" end="00:18:11.430"><![CDATA[A solar car.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:18:11.450" end="00:18:25.930"><![CDATA[Yes.//]]></p>
      <p begin="00:18:25.950" end="00:18:29.640"><![CDATA[How was this idea born?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:18:29.660" end="00:18:34.280"><![CDATA[Andreas and Nicholas they sort of…]]></p>
      <p begin="00:18:34.300" end="00:18:40.350"><![CDATA[dealt with…]]></p>
      <p begin="00:18:40.370" end="00:18:43.970"><![CDATA[dealt with all the electronics. All together we decided how we wanted it to look.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:18:43.990" end="00:18:48.440"><![CDATA[What part of the job did your team do?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:18:48.460" end="00:18:55.960"><![CDATA[With Demetris we were responsible for all the mechanics of the car.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:18:55.980" end="00:18:58.680"><![CDATA[We used this device here to…work out the theoretical top speed…]]></p>
      <p begin="00:18:58.700" end="00:19:09.290"><![CDATA[So you could study the theoretical aspect of this experiment.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:19:09.310" end="00:19:10.600"><![CDATA[Yes, and the top speed of the vehicle using this piece of equipment here. This here is a palmometre I think…]]></p>
      <p begin="00:19:10.620" end="00:19:12.670"><![CDATA[Palmograph!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:19:12.690" end="00:19:18.170"><![CDATA[Sorry, palmograph... and as you can see here..]]></p>
      <p begin="00:19:18.190" end="00:19:27.860"><![CDATA[You’d like to check the acceleration of the car.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:19:27.880" end="00:19:38.130"><![CDATA[Yes. And through a sensor it measures the acceleration of the wheels. Using formulae we know from physics to work out the speed.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:19:38.150" end="00:19:46.440"><![CDATA[It’s like a simulator in a smaller scale. What was your next move, Andreas?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:19:46.460" end="00:19:52.790"><![CDATA[We took these motors and connected them to the skeleton of the car and also to each other so that]]></p>
      <p begin="00:19:52.810" end="00:19:57.950"><![CDATA[they were operational. I did that together with Nick connected everything to the actual car]]></p>
      <p begin="00:19:57.970" end="00:20:02.410"><![CDATA[I mean, because as you said this is a simulator.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:20:02.430" end="00:20:06.690"><![CDATA[Hmm! I see…I guess you had a teacher with you too…]]></p>
      <p begin="00:20:06.710" end="00:20:17.620"><![CDATA[Yes, Mr. Sophokleous is our physics teacher and he helped us a lot.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:20:17.640" end="00:20:24.320"><![CDATA[And then you moved on to make the car. What was your next step?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:20:24.340" end="00:20:25.340"><![CDATA[We had to make it in such a way that there would be enough space on the car to attach the photo…]]></p>
      <p begin="00:20:25.360" end="00:20:32.160"><![CDATA[Photovoltaic…]]></p>
      <p begin="00:20:32.180" end="00:20:33.700"><![CDATA[…Photovoltaic arrays while at the same time making the car as light as possible. It should also have an ae…]]></p>
      <p begin="00:20:33.720" end="00:20:38.240"><![CDATA[Aerodynamic shape.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:20:38.260" end="00:20:45.660"><![CDATA[Aerodynamic shape! That’s it! We began building it step by step.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:20:45.680" end="00:20:52.410"><![CDATA[The end result was the same as what you had in mind when you began?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:20:52.430" end="00:21:00.240"><![CDATA[Not exactly… We had to do it in two phases.At first we made a vehicle to show what we were]]></p>
      <p begin="00:21:00.260" end="00:21:05.680"><![CDATA[trying to make but that was not very successful. Later, when we became more]]></p>
      <p begin="00:21:05.700" end="00:21:11.000"><![CDATA[experienced we made changes to it and it looks better.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:21:11.020" end="00:21:20.160"><![CDATA[I know you were asked to enter a contest…]]></p>
      <p begin="00:21:20.180" end="00:21:26.830"><![CDATA[A team from Belgium that took part in a contest in Australia visited us to see the car.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:21:26.850" end="00:21:34.900"><![CDATA[They liked it very much and threw in the idea of holding a car race in Cyprus and told us that we should participate too.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:21:34.920" end="00:21:41.200"><![CDATA[What did you decide to do?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:21:41.220" end="00:21:43.310"><![CDATA[We will do it. However, it will be very different car from the one we already made.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:21:43.330" end="00:21:49.250"><![CDATA[It’s going to be a new project then…]]></p>
      <p begin="00:21:49.270" end="00:21:53.070"><![CDATA[The new one will be more like a race car. This here is a town car.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:21:53.090" end="00:21:56.730"><![CDATA[What’s its top speed?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:21:56.750" end="00:21:59.010"><![CDATA[We managed to go up to 40 km per hour.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:21:59.030" end="00:22:00.300"><![CDATA[How many persons does it take?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:22:00.320" end="00:22:01.810"><![CDATA[Just one…]]></p>
      <p begin="00:22:01.830" end="00:22:03.110"><![CDATA[Does it have a radio too?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:22:03.130" end="00:22:08.080"><![CDATA[And mp3 player too!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:22:08.100" end="00:22:11.050"><![CDATA[Wow!!!With all the extras, sort of speaking.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:22:11.070" end="00:22:14.060"><![CDATA[It also comes with a beverage holster]]></p>
      <p begin="00:22:14.080" end="00:22:19.240"><![CDATA[(she laughs) Have you used out in the streets at all?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:22:19.260" end="00:22:33.120"><![CDATA[Only in the school yard.//]]></p>
      <p begin="00:22:33.140" end="00:22:38.850"><![CDATA[We have put all the various parts together up to this point and now we are going to attach the]]></p>
      <p begin="00:22:38.870" end="00:22:42.940"><![CDATA[base of the motor. This base is made with pieces of solid wood or plywood.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:22:42.960" end="00:22:51.860"><![CDATA[Then we attach the base of the front wheels in its place.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:22:51.880" end="00:23:38.440"><![CDATA[We find the height where the front wheels must be and we attach the base so that car moves steadily]]></p>
      <p begin="00:23:38.460" end="00:23:50.380"><![CDATA[As you can see, here is the motor and the front wheel array in their place]]></p>
      <p begin="00:23:50.400" end="00:23:52.670"><![CDATA[Once we’ve painted it to our liking, it’s time to attach the photovoltaic panels on top.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:23:52.690" end="00:23:56.080"><![CDATA[And then we are ready to test drive it?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:23:56.100" end="00:23:58.250"><![CDATA[First we must connect the photovoltaic cells together.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:23:58.270" end="00:24:00.550"><![CDATA[With sticking tape again?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:24:00.570" end="00:24:02.640"><![CDATA[Do you pretend to be (stupid) or are you really..?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:24:02.660" end="00:24:05.590"><![CDATA[I am what I am! Ok?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:24:05.610" end="00:24:11.850"><![CDATA[See! We connect them together just like batteries.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:24:11.870" end="00:24:17.070"><![CDATA[The positive end of one cell to the negative of the other cell if want to increase the voltage.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:24:17.090" end="00:24:19.560"><![CDATA[-…Or we connect together in parallel to like if we want a bigger current.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:24:19.580" end="00:24:25.120"><![CDATA[Then again we can connect in groups.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:24:25.140" end="00:24:30.660"><![CDATA[This is where the presence of the adult becomes important as you will be using a heating device for soldering.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:24:30.680" end="00:24:35.870"><![CDATA[We must point out that the specifications of the motor will guide us how to connect the ends together.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:24:35.890" end="00:24:42.440"><![CDATA[Psss! It sounds so scientific! Are you sure you are still in the second grade?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:24:42.460" end="00:24:45.140"><![CDATA[Is there anything else we should know so that the car doesn’t swerve off the road and avoid any possible injuries?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:24:45.160" end="00:24:47.870"><![CDATA[Our contraption must be as lightweight as possible to be able to move with a respectable speed.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:24:47.890" end="00:24:52.260"><![CDATA[-Yes! We already know that photovoltaic cells do not yield large amounts of energy!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:24:52.280" end="00:24:54.920"><![CDATA[It’s also better to keep it as low in height as possible to avoid tumbling when turning.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:24:54.940" end="00:24:58.860"><![CDATA[All the more because it’s light too…]]></p>
      <p begin="00:24:58.880" end="00:25:04.340"><![CDATA[Exactly! The electric motor must be of low electricity consumption.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:25:04.360" end="00:25:10.110"><![CDATA[I know why! You want it to be compatible with the energy produced by the photovoltaic cells!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:25:10.130" end="00:25:12.140"><![CDATA[The car we made here today is equipped with a steering system as well!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:25:12.160" end="00:25:18.880"><![CDATA[Is your name Albert Einstein?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:25:18.900" end="00:25:22.130"><![CDATA[No, Chrysanthos!We used a remote control device from an old car like the ones we used to play with as kids.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:25:22.150" end="00:25:26.870"><![CDATA[Because you’re grown ups now and you don’t play with cars any more…!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:25:26.890" end="00:25:34.800"><![CDATA[We will play with this one here today. It is best to run it in an open space.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:25:34.820" end="00:25:39.010"><![CDATA[With a bit of this and a bit of that, we are all set to go! How would it strike you to wake up one]]></p>
      <p begin="00:25:39.030" end="00:25:56.220"><![CDATA[morning to find out that there’s not even a drop of fossil fuel around?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:25:56.240" end="00:26:03.070"><![CDATA[I am in paradise! In a dreamlike place, under the exquisite Cypriot sun, just a breath away from the sea…]]></p>
      <p begin="00:26:03.090" end="00:26:15.310"><![CDATA[With my feet stuck in grime! I can feel the smell of used cooking oil stuck in my nostrils!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:26:15.330" end="00:26:24.590"><![CDATA[I am at the model biodiesel production unit run by Demetris Lordos!Mr. Lordos, what’s going on here on this hill slope?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:26:24.610" end="00:26:37.730"><![CDATA[What we have here is an experimental unit, you might say, where we try out various methods on]]></p>
      <p begin="00:26:37.750" end="00:26:53.810"><![CDATA[waste materials in order to produce fuel and energy. It consists of an anaerobic system for]]></p>
      <p begin="00:26:53.830" end="00:27:02.630"><![CDATA[converting household waste fluids to natural gas and fertilizers. When these fluids are left to]]></p>
      <p begin="00:27:02.650" end="00:27:06.640"><![CDATA[degrade in the absence of oxygen, this is what anaerobic means, gases are produced, in]]></p>
      <p begin="00:27:06.660" end="00:27:08.400"><![CDATA[the same way our stomach works. We also produce biodiesel…]]></p>
      <p begin="00:27:08.420" end="00:27:16.870"><![CDATA[Biodiesel from used cooking oil, I hear?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:27:16.890" end="00:27:28.000"><![CDATA[Yes, we are using used cooking oil, although this can be done with non-used oils too.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:27:28.020" end="00:27:37.700"><![CDATA[Once the oil containers arrive at the plant, the oil is poured in big tanks and is cleaned of any solids.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:27:37.720" end="00:27:46.550"><![CDATA[Then the various ingredients necessary for the reaction to take place are added and]]></p>
      <p begin="00:27:46.570" end="00:27:59.150"><![CDATA[the biodiesel is produced. This is then filtered to make it usable by cars.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:27:59.170" end="00:28:08.110"><![CDATA[What do you do with all these plastic oil containers?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:28:08.130" end="00:28:25.500"><![CDATA[We can deal with them in two ways: One is to convert them into row material to make]]></p>
      <p begin="00:28:25.520" end="00:28:27.330"><![CDATA[other plastic containers or to make them into fuel as well. And towards this goal we aim.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:28:27.350" end="00:28:37.890"><![CDATA[. Fossil fuel, of course, not biodiesel]]></p>
      <p begin="00:28:37.910" end="00:28:47.310"><![CDATA[We also experiment here with various plants that produce large quantities of oil that can be]]></p>
      <p begin="00:28:47.330" end="00:29:03.110"><![CDATA[used in the production of biodiesel or bio-alcohol which can also be used as fuel.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:29:03.130" end="00:29:11.900"><![CDATA[We already spotted two kinds of energy plants that thrive in this region…]]></p>
      <p begin="00:29:11.920" end="00:29:19.390"><![CDATA[This plant here produces almond-like fruits full of oil. These fruits contain about four times]]></p>
      <p begin="00:29:19.410" end="00:29:28.570"><![CDATA[more oil than the common fruits used for producing oil for human consumption.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:29:28.590" end="00:29:35.150"><![CDATA[This fruit, of course, is not edible but that is not a problem for us. This here is called Citrullus colocynthis]]></p>
      <p begin="00:29:35.170" end="00:29:42.260"><![CDATA[It is a kind of marrow with very oily seeds. The rest of the fruit is a starchy pulp which can]]></p>
      <p begin="00:29:42.280" end="00:29:49.510"><![CDATA[easily convert to glucose and with the method used for grapes we can convert this to alcohol.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:29:49.530" end="00:29:57.560"><![CDATA[We have also experimented on a wind generator which would fit appearance-wise]]></p>
      <p begin="00:29:57.580" end="00:30:06.580"><![CDATA[in the Cypriot environment. It looks like a common windmill. It makes neither optical]]></p>
      <p begin="00:30:06.600" end="00:30:16.220"><![CDATA[nor sound pollution and is more effective than others with the comparatively mild winds we have]]></p>
      <p begin="00:30:16.240" end="00:30:26.710"><![CDATA[I am a civil engineer by profession but I am now at a stage in my life where I have]]></p>
      <p begin="00:30:26.730" end="00:30:41.600"><![CDATA[the time to work on things I had an interest in for a long time. I started reading and studying about]]></p>
      <p begin="00:30:41.620" end="00:30:50.140"><![CDATA[the problems of the planet since 1995 as well as about ways to solve them. I experimented on]]></p>
      <p begin="00:30:50.160" end="00:31:04.260"><![CDATA[various things and I tried to find ways to make this solutions work even for the small market of Cyprus.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:31:04.280" end="00:31:12.820"><![CDATA[(Countdown) 2…1…go!!!!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:31:12.840" end="00:31:16.990"><![CDATA[(sound of gun firing)After this quite impressive car race between Kimi Reikonnen]]></p>
      <p begin="00:31:17.010" end="00:31:18.420"><![CDATA[on one side and Fernando Alonso on the other, there’s nothing else for us to do than stay…]]></p>
      <p begin="00:31:18.440" end="00:31:20.230"><![CDATA[" in X-Lab!”]]></p>
      <p begin="00:31:20.250" end="00:31:21.590"><![CDATA[Talk about being totally fixated!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:31:21.610" end="00:31:27.050"><![CDATA[“In X-Lab!”]]></p>
      <p begin="00:31:27.070" end="00:31:29.900"><![CDATA[With Stalo on the outside and all sweaty, let’s move on to our live link! Where to?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:31:29.920" end="00:31:32.740"><![CDATA[Live link with the Linopetra High School in Limassol]]></p>
      <p begin="00:31:32.760" end="00:31:36.150"><![CDATA[because the sun is indeed, a source of energy!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:31:36.170" end="00:31:41.110"><![CDATA[(School jingle while applauding)Linopetra, the High School that loves the sun indeed!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:31:41.130" end="00:32:15.050"><![CDATA[Give us sea and give us sun, that’s all we’ll ever need! (applause & cheers)]]></p>
      <p begin="00:32:15.070" end="00:32:26.740"><![CDATA[“The sun as a source of energy”. An all-school model solar car contest!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:32:26.760" end="00:32:37.680"><![CDATA[Get set! Go!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:32:37.700" end="00:32:44.960"><![CDATA[You are so famous already! Why is that?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:32:44.980" end="00:32:50.440"><![CDATA[Because we are plugged in on to X-Lab without ever using electricity! (applause - cheers)]]></p>
      <p begin="00:32:50.460" end="00:32:54.270"><![CDATA[children applaud]]></p>
      <p begin="00:32:54.290" end="00:32:59.710"><![CDATA[“Plug in” to the x-lab on the internet too!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:32:59.730" end="00:33:01.490"><![CDATA[At www.xlab.tv]]></p>
      <p begin="00:33:01.510" end="00:33:05.150"><![CDATA[Time to be flipping off, I think…]]></p>
      <p begin="00:33:05.170" end="00:35:34.980"><![CDATA[We’ll be seeing ya! (children applaud - cheer)]]></p>
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