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      <p begin="00:01:03.950" end="00:01:09.350"><![CDATA[Sometimes we think that our connection with the rest of the solar system is something very new.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:01:09.370" end="00:01:13.390"><![CDATA[Behind me, as you can see, there are various sundials which were used in the past to tell the time.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:01:13.410" end="00:01:16.530"><![CDATA[Even at the time when the prehistoric temples were built man was already]]></p>
      <p begin="00:01:16.550" end="00:01:21.050"><![CDATA[aware of other realities beyond our own world.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:01:21.070" end="00:01:24.900"><![CDATA[Noah will today be meeting a group of students who have made miniatures of the solar system]]></p>
      <p begin="00:01:24.920" end="00:01:27.410"><![CDATA[and he is also going to the island of Gozo to learn more about a project in connection]]></p>
      <p begin="00:01:27.430" end="00:01:33.590"><![CDATA[with the change in climate.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:01:33.610" end="00:01:37.900"><![CDATA[On my visit to England I am going to meet with Dr Kristian Zarb Adami who designs telescopes.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:01:37.920" end="00:01:42.340"><![CDATA[In today’s experiment Corazon and the students will be trying to make two rockets out of]]></p>
      <p begin="00:01:42.360" end="00:01:47.210"><![CDATA[things we find in the home ... but for the moment I am going to look at these sundials]]></p>
      <p begin="00:01:47.230" end="00:02:00.670"><![CDATA[to check whether they are accurate.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:02:00.690" end="00:02:04.360"><![CDATA[For today’s programme we decided not to stay in the studio... we are outside...]]></p>
      <p begin="00:02:04.380" end="00:02:07.670"><![CDATA[I heard that we are here because today’s experiment shoots up high.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:02:07.690" end="00:02:09.980"><![CDATA[But first let us meet our guestsn who are going to help us with today's experiment]]></p>
      <p begin="00:02:10.000" end="00:02:13.020"><![CDATA[:I'm Rachel and I come from the school Sir Luigi Preziosi]]></p>
      <p begin="00:02:13.040" end="00:02:16.470"><![CDATA[I'm Nadia and I'm from Sir Luigi Preziosi school]]></p>
      <p begin="00:02:16.490" end="00:02:19.450"><![CDATA[I'm Ariana and I'm from Sir Luigi Preziosi school]]></p>
      <p begin="00:02:19.470" end="00:02:21.860"><![CDATA[I'm Bernard and I'm from Santu Wistin school]]></p>
      <p begin="00:02:21.880" end="00:02:23.780"><![CDATA[I'm Kurt and I'm from Santu Wistin school]]></p>
      <p begin="00:02:23.800" end="00:02:29.200"><![CDATA[I'm Andrew and I'm from Santu Wistin school]]></p>
      <p begin="00:02:29.220" end="00:02:35.820"><![CDATA[Nadia,  can you tell me what’s today’s experiment about and why we had to film outside the studio?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:02:35.840" end="00:02:39.210"><![CDATA[So what are you going to make that goes that high?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:02:39.230" end="00:02:43.330"><![CDATA[Today we are going to make two rockets... a small one, and a larger one.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:02:43.350" end="00:02:44.740"><![CDATA[Oh now I get  why we had to film outside... but who are we going to send into space?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:02:44.760" end="00:02:48.460"><![CDATA[I’m afraid of heights!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:02:48.480" end="00:02:50.250"><![CDATA[No no...  nobody has mentioned space... and the rockets that we’re going to make aren’t THAT]]></p>
      <p begin="00:02:50.270" end="00:02:54.490"><![CDATA[ big...  but they will soar quite high!]]></p>
      <p begin="00:02:54.510" end="00:02:58.970"><![CDATA[I had already started worrying...  so what do we need for the first experiment?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:02:58.990" end="00:03:02.200"><![CDATA[To make the first rocket we need:•	Some vinegar•	Some baking powder]]></p>
      <p begin="00:03:02.220" end="00:03:06.310"><![CDATA[•	and a film canister.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:03:06.330" end="00:03:07.310"><![CDATA[If you didn’t have enough time to write down all the stuff we need for the first rocket,]]></p>
      <p begin="00:03:07.330" end="00:03:13.250"><![CDATA[ you can visit our website]]></p>
      <p begin="00:03:13.270" end="00:03:40.150"><![CDATA[Let us watch the first feature, then we’ll do the first experiment...  I’m curious to see how high it will go.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:03:40.170" end="00:03:46.730"><![CDATA[Today we crossed between the two islands and came here to Gozo, to the Gozo Centre of the]]></p>
      <p begin="00:03:46.750" end="00:03:49.590"><![CDATA[where we are going to meet with Mr. Martin Saliba and Dr. Raymond Ellul,]]></p>
      <p begin="00:03:49.610" end="00:04:00.100"><![CDATA[members of the Physics Department]]></p>
      <p begin="00:04:00.120" end="00:04:05.620"><![CDATA[Can you explain the work you do at the Physics Department?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:04:05.640" end="00:04:10.060"><![CDATA[We work in a research programme led by the Physics Department in Gozo about the]]></p>
      <p begin="00:04:10.080" end="00:04:13.710"><![CDATA[atmosphere and air pollution in the Mediterranean. The project is focussed in Gozo]]></p>
      <p begin="00:04:13.730" end="00:04:18.000"><![CDATA[as we need to measure air pollution in a relatively clean area.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:04:18.020" end="00:04:31.210"><![CDATA[This place is the Jordan Lighthouse where we have our equipment.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:04:31.230" end="00:04:38.360"><![CDATA[Thank you for your interest.  We are now going to meet  Mr. Martin Saliba, who is the]]></p>
      <p begin="00:04:38.380" end="00:04:50.190"><![CDATA[technical officer here and who is working on a research project about air quality.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:04:50.210" end="00:04:57.570"><![CDATA[You brought us in this part of Ghasri known as “tal-Gordan”.  What is its connection to your work?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:04:57.590" end="00:05:03.680"><![CDATA[This area has the cleanest air to be found in Malta and in Gozo. Here we are measuring a]]></p>
      <p begin="00:05:03.700" end="00:05:08.360"><![CDATA[number of different gases such as Ozone, Carbon Monoxide and Sulphur Dioxide.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:05:08.380" end="00:05:16.900"><![CDATA[We’re also monitoring air temperature, humidity and wind direction.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:05:16.920" end="00:05:25.250"><![CDATA[Where do you send the information that you gather?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:05:25.270" end="00:05:33.520"><![CDATA[We collect data every fifteen minutes and we take it to Xewkija to process  it there.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:05:33.540" end="00:05:38.880"><![CDATA[Once a year we send the information to the WMO, the World Meteorological Organisation,]]></p>
      <p begin="00:05:38.900" end="00:05:43.770"><![CDATA[where information from around the world is gathered (from stations like ours)]]></p>
      <p begin="00:05:43.790" end="00:06:00.610"><![CDATA[so that they can study how the climate of all the world is changing.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:06:00.630" end="00:06:07.740"><![CDATA[What encouraged you to get involved in this scientific area?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:06:07.760" end="00:06:13.950"><![CDATA[Science has fascinated me since I was a little boy.  When I was at University about to do my]]></p>
      <p begin="00:06:13.970" end="00:06:20.940"><![CDATA[thesis during the last year, one of the subjects that interested me was atmospheric physics.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:06:20.960" end="00:06:26.200"><![CDATA[I did my thesis in Gozo, using the information that there was at the Jordan Lighthouse. I also]]></p>
      <p begin="00:06:26.220" end="00:06:30.070"><![CDATA[kept updated on climate change and global warming using  information that I got]]></p>
      <p begin="00:06:30.090" end="00:06:40.110"><![CDATA[from the internet and newspapers]]></p>
      <p begin="00:06:40.130" end="00:06:43.910"><![CDATA[And throughout the time that you have been studying science, you always find time for things]]></p>
      <p begin="00:06:43.930" end="00:06:51.710"><![CDATA[that you enjoy doing, like hobbies and going out?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:06:51.730" end="00:06:56.290"><![CDATA[Well, if you manage your time well. . . I find time to do everything from studying to working]]></p>
      <p begin="00:06:56.310" end="00:07:05.150"><![CDATA[to enjoying life.  Everything in its own time.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:07:05.170" end="00:07:10.340"><![CDATA[Do you think that in the future you will continue to further your studies?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:07:10.360" end="00:07:16.050"><![CDATA[Right now we are waiting for some new instruments that are coming from abroad. More]]></p>
      <p begin="00:07:16.070" end="00:07:22.550"><![CDATA[equipment is coming to enable us to measure different gases and carry out more studies.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:07:22.570" end="00:07:29.480"><![CDATA[I may, perhaps,  do a phD on a part time basis in the future, but it’s still tooearly to say.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:07:29.500" end="00:07:51.100"><![CDATA[Martin, I would like to thank you for hosting us here, in this beautiful location.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:07:51.120" end="00:07:56.860"><![CDATA[During the feature I couldn’t stop thinking about how we are going to]]></p>
      <p begin="00:07:56.880" end="00:07:59.340"><![CDATA[make a rocket with a film canister, some vinegar and baking powder...]]></p>
      <p begin="00:07:59.360" end="00:08:05.050"><![CDATA[Is there anybody who’s going to tell me how?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:08:05.070" end="00:08:08.550"><![CDATA[For this experiment we will be using a film cansiter. We'll have to make sure that the lid is]]></p>
      <p begin="00:08:08.570" end="00:08:12.760"><![CDATA[ clean, and that it seals off well ...]]></p>
      <p begin="00:08:12.780" end="00:08:17.360"><![CDATA[if everything is fine, we'll puir about one to two centimertres of vinegar]]></p>
      <p begin="00:08:17.380" end="00:08:21.590"><![CDATA[... now I'm going to tell you what I will be doing, then I'll show you ...]]></p>
      <p begin="00:08:21.610" end="00:08:28.650"><![CDATA[for this part of the experiment you should be lightning fast, otherwise]]></p>
      <p begin="00:08:28.670" end="00:08:33.290"><![CDATA[the experiment will not work. We'll take some backing powder in tissue paper and throw it in the canister.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:08:33.310" end="00:08:36.950"><![CDATA[As quickly as possible we close the lid well and place the canister upside down.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:08:36.970" end="00:08:42.400"><![CDATA[Now it is very important that as soon as we pit it upside down we keep]]></p>
      <p begin="00:08:42.420" end="00:09:35.080"><![CDATA[our heads well away from the canister and we move away.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:09:35.100" end="00:09:38.950"><![CDATA[That really went up high!  So how did it shoot up like that?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:09:38.970" end="00:09:43.270"><![CDATA[It’s rather simple.  When vinegar which is an acid was mixed with baking powder]]></p>
      <p begin="00:09:43.290" end="00:09:46.110"><![CDATA[it reacted and produced a gas...  the same thing happens in cakes ...]]></p>
      <p begin="00:09:46.130" end="00:09:52.740"><![CDATA[ they rise because of the gas bubbles.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:09:52.760" end="00:09:56.890"><![CDATA[In the case of our rocket, the gas produced stayed in the canister, and the pressure built up,]]></p>
      <p begin="00:09:56.910" end="00:09:59.770"><![CDATA[until there was enough pressure to overcome the seal on the lid...]]></p>
      <p begin="00:09:59.790" end="00:10:05.060"><![CDATA[and therefore the canister shot upwards.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:10:05.080" end="00:10:10.990"><![CDATA[That’s interesting... and that was only the small rocket... I’m wondering how high the larger rocket]]></p>
      <p begin="00:10:11.010" end="00:10:13.280"><![CDATA[..will go!  Nadia... what do we need for the second rocket?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:10:13.300" end="00:10:20.530"><![CDATA[To make the larger rocket we’ll need:•	An empty plastic soft drinks bottle•	Thick cardboard]]></p>
      <p begin="00:10:20.550" end="00:10:27.930"><![CDATA[•	Masking tape•	A sealer nozzle•	An air pump•	A thin hose•	A cork stopper]]></p>
      <p begin="00:10:27.950" end="00:10:31.180"><![CDATA[•	A short piece of drain pipe•	A tyre valve taken from a car•	A robust pair of scissors or a blade]]></p>
      <p begin="00:10:31.200" end="00:10:35.370"><![CDATA[•	And last but not least, an adult to help us throughout]]></p>
      <p begin="00:10:35.390" end="00:10:37.330"><![CDATA[If you didn’t have enough time to write down all the things we need for this rocket]]></p>
      <p begin="00:10:37.350" end="00:10:41.190"><![CDATA[you can visit our website.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:10:41.210" end="00:10:59.770"><![CDATA[It’s time for us to take a short break while watching the next feature...]]></p>
      <p begin="00:10:59.790" end="00:11:04.890"><![CDATA[Today I came to the Department of Mathematical Physics of the University of Malta to meet]]></p>
      <p begin="00:11:04.910" end="00:11:17.190"><![CDATA[with Dr.Kristian Zarb Adami who studies astronomy.  Let’s go and meet him.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:11:17.210" end="00:11:25.740"><![CDATA[Kris, what motivated you to start studying science and later on physics at a more advanced level?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:11:25.760" end="00:11:30.700"><![CDATA[I became interested in physics and outer space back in the 80s after I watched the famous]]></p>
      <p begin="00:11:30.720" end="00:11:39.490"><![CDATA[science fiction movie ET.  In those days there were a lot of tv programmes featuring Nasa’s]]></p>
      <p begin="00:11:39.510" end="00:11:44.740"><![CDATA[space programme where they had sent a man on the moon.  I was still young, I was about 8]]></p>
      <p begin="00:11:44.760" end="00:11:59.710"><![CDATA[years old and I was amazed at how mankind managed to send a human being to the moon.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:11:59.730" end="00:12:04.290"><![CDATA[I started trying to calculate what sending a human to the moon entails, how distant the moon]]></p>
      <p begin="00:12:04.310" end="00:12:09.460"><![CDATA[is and how long will it takes for a man to travel to the moon.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:12:09.480" end="00:12:17.330"><![CDATA[With that aim in mind I decided to study physics and maths at school.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:12:17.350" end="00:12:20.700"><![CDATA[Currently you’re also doing research work at Oxford.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:12:20.720" end="00:12:27.480"><![CDATA[Can you explain to us  what this research is about?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:12:27.500" end="00:12:32.930"><![CDATA[At Oxford I have a research team who is designing a telescope which is able to perceive radio waves.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:12:32.950" end="00:12:43.340"><![CDATA[These signals are very similar to the waves with which a radio or a television works.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:12:43.360" end="00:12:46.920"><![CDATA[The problem is that since these signals come from stars which are far away from earth,]]></p>
      <p begin="00:12:46.940" end="00:13:04.480"><![CDATA[they are much weaker than those being transmitted on our planet.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:13:04.500" end="00:13:09.280"><![CDATA[My research incorporates the design of a telescope that captures radio frequencies, that is,]]></p>
      <p begin="00:13:09.300" end="00:13:14.430"><![CDATA[instead of studying radio waves coming from earth, we study radio waves coming from other]]></p>
      <p begin="00:13:14.450" end="00:13:18.670"><![CDATA[planets.  If there is life on another planet, and the creatures living on it were to send]]></p>
      <p begin="00:13:18.690" end="00:13:21.620"><![CDATA[messages in the same way that we do, this would help us understand these messages]]></p>
      <p begin="00:13:21.640" end="00:13:38.620"><![CDATA[and find out about this other form of life.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:13:38.640" end="00:13:46.160"><![CDATA[Can you name any examples where these signals are being used?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:13:46.180" end="00:13:50.330"><![CDATA[Of course.  Astronomy is being used widely in various applications.  For example]]></p>
      <p begin="00:13:50.350" end="00:13:54.800"><![CDATA[the first person who discovered microwaves, something used daily in today’s kitchens, was a]]></p>
      <p begin="00:13:54.820" end="00:14:05.560"><![CDATA[man who was designing and building atransmitter to transmit signals from earth to the stars.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:14:05.580" end="00:14:11.560"><![CDATA[He noticed that a chocolate that he had in his pocket melted due to heat generated from]]></p>
      <p begin="00:14:11.580" end="00:14:19.950"><![CDATA[these microwaves and he concluded that these waves can be used to cook food.  The first food]]></p>
      <p begin="00:14:19.970" end="00:14:24.490"><![CDATA[that he cooked in a self built microwave was some popcorn.  Another common application]]></p>
      <p begin="00:14:24.510" end="00:14:30.640"><![CDATA[that everyone knows about is the mobile phone, where the cell phone picks up a signal which]]></p>
      <p begin="00:14:30.660" end="00:14:48.900"><![CDATA[is being directed to it and its number by studying the signal which matches the one assigned to it.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:14:48.920" end="00:14:52.520"><![CDATA[Apart from all this you also work as a part-time lecturer at the University of Malta.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:14:52.540" end="00:14:57.610"><![CDATA[How do you feel about sharing your experiences with Maltese students,]]></p>
      <p begin="00:14:57.630" end="00:15:04.120"><![CDATA[and do you have students who are planning to continue studying along these lines?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:15:04.140" end="00:15:09.340"><![CDATA[I feel lucky in Malta because there are a lot of students who are interested in this subject]]></p>
      <p begin="00:15:09.360" end="00:15:13.770"><![CDATA[not only science students but also students studying art who love to draw the sky and the]]></p>
      <p begin="00:15:13.790" end="00:15:18.870"><![CDATA[stars by night.   There are a lot of Maltese students who study physics and]]></p>
      <p begin="00:15:18.890" end="00:15:37.190"><![CDATA[would like to further their studies in astronomy and I’m very happy about this.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:15:37.210" end="00:15:40.250"><![CDATA[Due to the nature of your work you travel a lot.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:15:40.270" end="00:15:46.100"><![CDATA[Would you like to share some of your experiences with us?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:15:46.120" end="00:15:52.260"><![CDATA[Due to my contribution to the building of telescopes and the work I used to do with a private]]></p>
      <p begin="00:15:52.280" end="00:16:01.650"><![CDATA[Scottish firm where I designed mobile phone cameras, I used to travel a lot. I loved Scotland]]></p>
      <p begin="00:16:01.670" end="00:16:07.010"><![CDATA[because it is windy and I used to practice sailing, my favourite hobby, a lot.  However there is]]></p>
      <p begin="00:16:07.030" end="00:16:11.070"><![CDATA[also a lot of rain and cold and I decided to move to Oxford where I’m more focussed on]]></p>
      <p begin="00:16:11.090" end="00:16:18.880"><![CDATA[astronomy and research.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:16:18.900" end="00:16:23.290"><![CDATA[Astronomy is a global subject.  Therefore I sometimes travel to other countries like Australia]]></p>
      <p begin="00:16:23.310" end="00:16:33.630"><![CDATA[and America to meet people who have previously designed telescopes to see what they have]]></p>
      <p begin="00:16:33.650" end="00:16:38.360"><![CDATA[done and perhaps get a few ideas.  I have lately been to the Australian desert.  I chose this]]></p>
      <p begin="00:16:38.380" end="00:16:43.200"><![CDATA[remote place because since we’re studying signals coming from outer space, we need a]]></p>
      <p begin="00:16:43.220" end="00:16:48.250"><![CDATA[place without interference from stronger signals like television or radio waves.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:16:48.270" end="00:16:57.030"><![CDATA[I’ve also been to California, America, where a special telescope able to identify signals coming]]></p>
      <p begin="00:16:57.050" end="00:17:10.200"><![CDATA[from living organisms on other planets has been built.    From there I got a lot of ideas]]></p>
      <p begin="00:17:10.220" end="00:17:14.730"><![CDATA[which I’ll be using in the construction of the telescope we’re building in Europe.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:17:14.750" end="00:17:40.420"><![CDATA[We also collaborate with French and Italian scientists.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:17:40.440" end="00:17:45.300"><![CDATA[One of the traditions here in Cambridge is rowing.  Now, Kristian was telling me that one]]></p>
      <p begin="00:17:45.320" end="00:19:10.440"><![CDATA[of his hobbies is rowing.  Let’s go and see him practicing this sport.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:19:10.460" end="00:19:13.410"><![CDATA[Kristian, what are the uses of these telescopes that we’re seeing just behind us?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:19:13.430" end="00:19:19.710"><![CDATA[And how did they help you in your studies?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:19:19.730" end="00:19:24.300"><![CDATA[These telescopes work on radio frequencies.  I have used them for my PhD to take photos of]]></p>
      <p begin="00:19:24.320" end="00:19:37.360"><![CDATA[stars and show how they develop in the course of nature.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:19:37.380" end="00:19:42.250"><![CDATA[What is the use of these telescopes behind us?  And how do they work?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:19:42.270" end="00:19:47.560"><![CDATA[These telescopes behind us are used for taking photos of stars using radio waves]]></p>
      <p begin="00:19:47.580" end="00:19:53.950"><![CDATA[In fact this was the first telescope ever built which took such photos and because of this the]]></p>
      <p begin="00:19:53.970" end="00:19:59.030"><![CDATA[researchers who built it won the Nobel Prize.  These telescopes work like television antennas.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:19:59.050" end="00:20:02.870"><![CDATA[The large dish enables them to receive signals even from stars far away in the universe.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:20:02.890" end="00:20:06.590"><![CDATA[Why is it that there is more than one telescope?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:20:06.610" end="00:20:12.710"><![CDATA[We use more telescopes like we would use more than one photographic camera]]></p>
      <p begin="00:20:12.730" end="00:20:18.410"><![CDATA[:to enable us to take pictures from different points of view so that then we can choose the best shot.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:20:18.430" end="00:20:22.050"><![CDATA[At Oxford and Cambridge we have the opportunity to use these telescopes, something]]></p>
      <p begin="00:20:22.070" end="00:20:27.440"><![CDATA[which in Malta we don’t have.  Now that we are part of the European Union]]></p>
      <p begin="00:20:27.460" end="00:20:50.830"><![CDATA[we can embark on projects which make possible the use of these telescopes.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:20:50.850" end="00:20:55.700"><![CDATA[From Cambridge we’ve come to Manchester, precisely to Jodrell Bank.  As you can see,]]></p>
      <p begin="00:20:55.720" end="00:21:01.000"><![CDATA[behind us we have an enormous telescope, the biggest in England.  We’ll continue our]]></p>
      <p begin="00:21:01.020" end="00:21:04.810"><![CDATA[interview with Kristian Zarb Adami.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:21:04.830" end="00:21:13.410"><![CDATA[ What does this telescope have to do with your research?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:21:13.430" end="00:21:20.730"><![CDATA[At Oxford we’re building a telescope so that we can start taking better photos of the stars.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:21:20.750" end="00:21:26.810"><![CDATA[Can you give us some information about this telescope?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:21:26.830" end="00:21:32.690"><![CDATA[this telescope was built in the 50s when a there was a lot of unused metal left over from ship]]></p>
      <p begin="00:21:32.710" end="00:21:35.650"><![CDATA[construction.  This telescope weighs three thousand tonnes, the same weight of a small ship]]></p>
      <p begin="00:21:35.670" end="00:21:41.430"><![CDATA[and is as large as a soccer field.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:21:41.450" end="00:21:43.370"><![CDATA[The first photo this telescope took was of the Russian satellite Sputnik when this was orbiting]]></p>
      <p begin="00:21:43.390" end="00:21:50.940"><![CDATA[ the earth.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:21:50.960" end="00:21:55.660"><![CDATA[In your work you make use of mathematics and information technology.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:21:55.680" end="00:21:58.270"><![CDATA[These are two vast subjects.  What are your suggestions for those who wish to embark on]]></p>
      <p begin="00:21:58.290" end="00:22:08.620"><![CDATA[a career similar to yours?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:22:08.640" end="00:22:13.480"><![CDATA[I always advise my students to study what they like most!  Information technology is an asset.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:22:13.500" end="00:22:37.650"><![CDATA[ It helps us to gather information and present it to the public in the best way possible.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:22:37.670" end="00:22:41.110"><![CDATA[Before the feature, Nadia gave us the list of things that we need to make this rocket.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:22:41.130" end="00:22:46.830"><![CDATA[How are we going to make this rocket?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:22:46.850" end="00:22:53.290"><![CDATA[Let us go one step at a time.  We’ll start by attaching the sealer nozzle to the bottom of our plastic bottle...]]></p>
      <p begin="00:22:53.310" end="00:22:57.680"><![CDATA[try to place it at the centre as much as possible.  We’ve now built the nose-cone of our rocket.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:22:57.700" end="00:23:02.790"><![CDATA[This will cut through the air to help the rocket shoot upwards without hindrance.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:23:02.810" end="00:23:09.340"><![CDATA[This one is looking more like the rockets that we see on the telly, those that go to space.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:23:09.360" end="00:23:12.210"><![CDATA[Yes...  this rocket works on the same principles, more or less.  So first we make the nose-cone,]]></p>
      <p begin="00:23:12.230" end="00:23:17.800"><![CDATA[now we are going to make fins to make it more stable.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:23:17.820" end="00:23:21.010"><![CDATA[On a piece of thick cardboard we’ll draw a triangle which fits the size of the bottle.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:23:21.030" end="00:23:25.390"><![CDATA[Once that’s ready, cut out the fin, and make another two]]></p>
      <p begin="00:23:25.410" end="00:23:29.670"><![CDATA[Now we’ll take the fins, and fold this edge ... like so.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:23:29.690" end="00:23:34.050"><![CDATA[Using some masking tape, fix the fins around the top of the bottle.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:23:34.070" end="00:23:37.330"><![CDATA[This rocket now really resembles those rockets that go to space...  let’s watch the last feature for]]></p>
      <p begin="00:23:37.350" end="00:24:00.720"><![CDATA[ today’s programme, and we’ll continue the experiment afterwards.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:24:00.740" end="00:24:06.590"><![CDATA[Here we are at Qawra  with students and members of the Astroclub who took part in the]]></p>
      <p begin="00:24:06.610" end="00:24:12.450"><![CDATA[project called Planet Walk.  Planet walk is a walk here in Qawra which represents]]></p>
      <p begin="00:24:12.470" end="00:24:16.950"><![CDATA[the solar system of our planet earth. So let’s see what they have to say.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:24:16.970" end="00:24:23.200"><![CDATA[Emma what can you tell us about the Planet Walk project?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:24:23.220" end="00:24:28.100"><![CDATA[Planet Walk is exactly that – you take a walk along the planets of the solar system.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:24:28.120" end="00:24:32.940"><![CDATA[Our walk starts from the Sun which is the main model, and, as you walk along the Bugibba]]></p>
      <p begin="00:24:32.960" end="00:24:38.680"><![CDATA[promenade you find other planets.  These model planets have been fashioned on the]]></p>
      <p begin="00:24:38.700" end="00:24:48.460"><![CDATA[real solar system and in fact are very similar to the real ones in terms of size and distance.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:24:48.480" end="00:24:57.190"><![CDATA[How did you get the idea for this project Melchiore?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:24:57.210" end="00:25:03.020"><![CDATA[Well, as members of Astroclub we realised that science for students is something they simply]]></p>
      <p begin="00:25:03.040" end="00:25:09.110"><![CDATA[study at school,  it’s not something they practise in everyday life, and so we wanted to do]]></p>
      <p begin="00:25:09.130" end="00:25:14.050"><![CDATA[something in order to bring science closer to the student and we started researching how we]]></p>
      <p begin="00:25:14.070" end="00:25:21.140"><![CDATA[could create a project that would be something tangible, something which children could]]></p>
      <p begin="00:25:21.160" end="00:25:26.750"><![CDATA[experience. Our advisor Ms Joan Borg Marks came up with this idea which she had seen]]></p>
      <p begin="00:25:26.770" end="00:25:31.940"><![CDATA[overseas, that is this Planet Walk which, as Emma has already explained,]]></p>
      <p begin="00:25:31.960" end="00:25:55.900"><![CDATA[is something which makes you experience science more closely.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:25:55.920" end="00:26:02.500"><![CDATA[Warren, can you tell me the aim of your project?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:26:02.520" end="00:26:09.480"><![CDATA[Yes, we did it because science is beautiful and vast.  In fact we discover something different]]></p>
      <p begin="00:26:09.500" end="00:26:13.350"><![CDATA[about it every day.  We also did it in order to bring science closer to the public, and to children.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:26:13.370" end="00:26:17.920"><![CDATA[Kylie, how did you succeed in reaching your objective?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:26:17.940" end="00:26:27.560"><![CDATA[We succeeded with  help of various individuals and organizations and we also held fund]]></p>
      <p begin="00:26:27.580" end="00:26:31.380"><![CDATA[raising activities for our project. I think we managed to reach our goal because not only are]]></p>
      <p begin="00:26:31.400" end="00:26:35.280"><![CDATA[people coming here for a walk along the promenade but walks are also]]></p>
      <p begin="00:26:35.300" end="00:26:45.100"><![CDATA[being organized for many  primary school students.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:26:45.120" end="00:26:50.760"><![CDATA[So Emma what are your activities as a club at present?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:26:50.780" end="00:26:56.950"><![CDATA[At the moment we do not have any specific projects but we have ideas which for now are still]]></p>
      <p begin="00:26:56.970" end="00:27:02.490"><![CDATA[in the development stage. What we need is to work more on them and to do more research.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:27:02.510" end="00:27:06.880"><![CDATA[At present Christiana is corresponding with NASA so that we can keep ourselves updated]]></p>
      <p begin="00:27:06.900" end="00:27:11.760"><![CDATA[with the latest developments in science as well as in astronomy.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:27:11.780" end="00:27:13.320"><![CDATA[Yes, I keep in contact with NASA so that I keep myself updated on new research]]></p>
      <p begin="00:27:13.340" end="00:27:17.970"><![CDATA[ and developments.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:27:17.990" end="00:27:21.700"><![CDATA[I receive a lot of information from them such as pictures like the ones you are seeing here.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:27:21.720" end="00:27:24.490"><![CDATA[We used these pictures in activities we held some months ago.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:27:24.510" end="00:27:28.890"><![CDATA[I’d like to thank you for welcoming me at this beautiful place]]></p>
      <p begin="00:27:28.910" end="00:27:48.290"><![CDATA[but now I’d like you to take me on this Planet Walk.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:27:48.310" end="00:27:51.850"><![CDATA[That was the last feature in today’s programme...]]></p>
      <p begin="00:27:51.870" end="00:27:55.420"><![CDATA[Now the rocket looks like it is almost ready...  what’s left to do?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:27:55.440" end="00:27:58.800"><![CDATA[The rocket is ready...  we now have to prepare some other small things]]></p>
      <p begin="00:27:58.820" end="00:28:01.400"><![CDATA[We’ll start by cutting a small dent at one end of the drain pipe,]]></p>
      <p begin="00:28:01.420" end="00:28:03.180"><![CDATA[so that the hose can pass through without problems.]]></p>
      <p begin="00:28:03.200" end="00:28:05.990"><![CDATA[What are we going to use the drain pipe for?]]></p>
      <p begin="00:28:06.010" end="00:28:12.980"><![CDATA[The drainpipe will hold the rocket upright.]]></p>
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